What are some common side effects of corticosteroids?

Corticosteroids are synthetic drugs that closely resemble cortisol, a hormone that your body produces naturally. They are commonly used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system in various conditions, including autoimmune diseases, allergies, and certain inflammatory conditions.

Weight gain is a well-documented side effect of corticosteroids due to increased appetite and changes in metabolism. These medications can also cause fluid retention, leading to additional weight gain. Immune suppression occurs because corticosteroids can interfere with the immune response, making individuals more susceptible to infections. This side effect is particularly relevant in the context of treating conditions such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, or after organ transplants, where controlling the immune response is necessary.

In contrast, weight loss and decreased blood sugar are not typical side effects; rather, corticosteroids can lead to increased blood sugar levels, which can complicate diabetes management. While some patients might experience skin changes or rashes, increased appetite, fluid retention, mood swings, and immune system alteration are more characteristic of corticosteroid use, solidifying why the selection indicating weight gain and immune suppression is accurate.