What is the action of anticoagulants in the body?

Anticoagulants play a crucial role in the management of blood coagulation by inhibiting the clotting process. Their primary purpose is to prevent the formation of blood clots in veins and arteries, which can lead to serious conditions such as heart attacks, strokes, and deep vein thrombosis. By interfering with the various components of the coagulation cascade—such as clotting factors or platelets—anticoagulants help maintain blood flow and reduce the risk of complications associated with excessive clotting.

This mechanism is vital in clinical situations where there is a risk of thrombus formation, especially in patients with certain cardiovascular conditions, during or after certain surgeries, or in those with venous stasis. Understanding this action is essential in pharmacology, as it highlights the therapeutic benefits of anticoagulants in managing and preventing thromboembolic diseases.