What is the main advantage of using ACE inhibitors in hypertensive patients?

The primary benefit of using ACE inhibitors in hypertensive patients lies in their ability to lower blood pressure by inhibiting the formation of angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor that raises blood pressure by narrowing blood vessels and stimulating the release of aldosterone, which leads to sodium and water retention. By blocking the enzyme that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II, ACE inhibitors reduce blood vessel constriction and decrease the overall volume of blood, effectively leading to lower blood pressure.

This mechanism not only helps in hypertension management but also offers additional benefits, such as protection against heart failure and kidney damage, which can be particularly advantageous in patients with comorbid conditions. Other options presented reflect effects that are contrary to the purpose of ACE inhibitors, such as increasing heart rate, enhancing fluid retention, or increasing peripheral resistance, which would not be beneficial in the context of treating hypertension.