What potential toxicity can occur with aminoglycoside antibiotics?

Aminoglycoside antibiotics, which include drugs such as gentamicin, tobramycin, and amikacin, are known for their significant potential to cause nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.

Nephrotoxicity refers to damage to the kidneys, which is a critical concern with aminoglycosides. These drugs are excreted through the kidneys, and they can accumulate, leading to renal impairment. Monitoring kidney function is essential during treatment with these medications to prevent or catch any signs of toxicity early.

Ototoxicity involves damage to the inner ear and can result in hearing loss, balance issues, or tinnitus (ringing in the ears). The risk of ototoxicity increases with the duration of therapy and higher cumulative doses of aminoglycosides, making it an important consideration when these agents are prescribed.

This combination of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity is a well-documented risk associated with the use of aminoglycosides, making this answer accurate. Other types of toxicities listed in the other options focus on different organ systems or mechanisms that are not typical side effects associated with aminoglycosides.