Which of the following describes the relationship between potency and dosage of a drug?

Potency is a measure of the drug's ability to produce a therapeutic effect at a given dosage. When a drug has higher potency, it means that a smaller amount of the drug is required to achieve the desired effect compared to a drug with lower potency. Thus, administering a higher potency drug allows for effective treatment at lower doses. This principle highlights the efficiency of a potent drug in eliciting a response.

In contrast, drugs with lower potency need to be administered in larger doses to achieve similar therapeutic effects, which is why the other options suggesting a direct relationship between higher doses and potency do not capture this fundamental concept. The correct understanding underscores that as potency increases, the required dosage to obtain the same effect decreases, making option that indicates higher potency requires lower doses to achieve effects accurate and foundational in pharmacology.