Which of the following is a potential side effect of corticosteroids?

Corticosteroids are commonly used in various medical conditions due to their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. However, one notable potential side effect of prolonged corticosteroid use is osteoporosis. Corticosteroids can inhibit the function of osteoblasts, the cells responsible for bone formation, while also affecting calcium absorption and metabolism in the body. This disruption leads to reduced bone density, increasing the risk of fractures and osteoporosis over time.

While the other potential choices might appear relevant in different contexts, they do not align with the well-documented side effects associated with corticosteroid therapy. Enhanced immune function is not attributed to corticosteroid use, as these medications typically suppress immune responses. Decreased blood sugar is also counterintuitive, as corticosteroids can lead to elevated blood sugar levels due to their effect on glucose metabolism. Lastly, muscle growth is often adversely affected as corticosteroids can lead to muscle wasting rather than growth. Therefore, osteoporosis stands out as a significant concern related to long-term corticosteroid treatment.